LM7812 Voltage Regulator IC

Fixed 12-Volt Output: The LM7812 is a fixed-output voltage regulator, meaning it provides a constant 12-volt output voltage regardless of changes in the input voltage or load conditions.

Input Voltage Range: The LM7812 is typically used to regulate input voltages between 14 volts and 35 volts, although it can handle higher input voltages for short durations with proper heat sinking.

Linear Regulator: Like other 78xx series regulators, the LM7812 is a linear voltage regulator. It dissipates excess energy as heat, which is an important consideration, especially for high-power applications. Heat sinking may be required in such cases.

Current Rating: The LM7812 is available in different versions with varying current ratings, typically 0.5A (500mA) and 1.0A (1,000mA) being common. You should choose the appropriate version based on your current requirements.

Internal Thermal Overload Protection: The LM7812 includes thermal overload protection that limits the output current when the IC's temperature exceeds a certain threshold. This protection helps prevent damage to the IC.

Pin Configuration: The LM7812 has three pins—input (Vin), ground (GND), and output (Vout). Proper input and output capacitors are often used to improve stability.

Applications: The LM7812 is used in various applications where a stable 12-volt power supply is required. It can be used to power microcontrollers, sensors, and other electronic components.