ATmega128 microcontroller and its features:
Architecture: The ATmega128 is built upon the AVR RISC architecture, which stands for Reduced Instruction Set Computer. This architecture provides a good balance between performance and simplicity, making it suitable for a wide range of applications.
CPU: The microcontroller is equipped with an 8-bit AVR CPU, operating at a clock speed of up to 16 MHz (though it can be clocked lower for power-saving purposes). The CPU supports a set of instructions optimized for low power consumption and efficient execution.
Memory:
Flash Memory: ATmega128 has a sizable flash memory of 128 KB, which is used for storing the program code.
SRAM: It features 4 KB of static RAM (SRAM) for data storage during program execution.
EEPROM: The microcontroller also has 4 KB of EEPROM memory, which can be used for non-volatile data storage.
I/O Ports: ATmega128 has a rich set of I/O pins grouped into different ports (Port A to Port L), allowing it to interface with various external devices and sensors.
Timers/Counters: The microcontroller includes multiple timers/counters that can be used for tasks such as generating PWM signals, measuring time intervals, and controlling events.
Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC): The built-in 8-channel ADC allows the microcontroller to convert analog signals into digital values for processing.
Communication Interfaces:
USART: Universal Synchronous and Asynchronous Serial Receiver and Transmitter for serial communication.
SPI: Serial Peripheral Interface for synchronous serial communication.
I2C: Inter-Integrated Circuit for two-wire serial communication.
Interrupt System: The ATmega128 supports both internal and external interrupts, allowing the microcontroller to respond to various events in real-time.
Clock Sources: It supports various clock sources, including internal oscillators and external crystal oscillators.
Power Management: The microcontroller offers power-saving features such as sleep modes and power reduction registers to optimize energy consumption.
Programming and Development: The ATmega128 can be programmed using various programming languages and development tools, including C/C++ and the Atmel Studio IDE. It can also be programmed using popular hardware programmers like USBasp, AVRISP, and JTAGICE.
When used on a development board, the ATmega128 microcontroller is often accompanied by additional components such as LEDs, switches, displays, and communication interfaces to facilitate experimentation and development. These boards are designed to provide an easy and accessible platform for building and testing embedded systems projects.
